Such an understanding is important to craft alternative approaches to regeneration while avoiding unintended consequences either within or beyond the city itself. For example, positive intentions as the clean-up of polluted brownfields may backlash through increased property values, displacing residents of lower-income brackets. Acknowledging possible side effects of urban interventions, the mapping of urban ecosystems around the city builds the foundation to identify and monitor urban ecological, social and economic conditions across neighbourhood boundaries and across time.